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molten salt reactor
A molten salt reactor (MSR) is a class of nuclear fission reactors in which the primary nuclear reactor coolant, or even the fuel itself, is a molten salt mixture. MSRs run at higher temperatures than water-cooled reactors for higher thermodynamic efficiency, while staying at low vapor pressure.
The nuclear fuel may be solid or dissolved in the coolant itself. In many designs the nuclear fuel is dissolved in the molten fluoride salt coolant as uranium tetrafluoride (UF4). The fluid becomes critical in a graphite core which serves as the moderator. Solid fuel designs rely on ceramic fuel dispersed in a graphite matrix, with the molten salt providing low pressure, high temperature cooling. The salts are much more efficient than compressed helium at removing heat from the core, reducing the need for pumping and piping and reducing the size of the core.
Although the concept is not new (it has been around since the 1950s) there has been a renewed interest in the technology along with other Generation IV reactor technologies.〔http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Current-and-Future-Generation/Molten-Salt-Reactors/〕 The early Aircraft Reactor Experiment (1954) was primarily motivated by the small size that the design could provide, while the Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (1965–1969) was a prototype for a thorium fuel cycle breeder reactor nuclear power plant. One of the Generation IV reactor designs is a molten-salt-cooled, molten-salt-fuelled reactor; the initial reference design is 1000 MWe.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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